IIT Madras · Business Data Management

Optimizing Inventory & Operations for Sustainable Growth

A comprehensive academic capstone project focusing on optimizing inventory management and operational efficiency for Jai Maa Jhandewali Store, a family-run grocery business in Pitampura, Delhi. Built with rigorous data analysis using Excel records, ABC analysis, correlation studies, and machine learning forecasting for sustainable growth.

Project Author

Sumit Kumar

Roll No: 22f2000848

IIT Madras : BS in Data Science

Business Data Management - Capstone Project

Academic Project · Jan 2025 Term
Created as part of IIT Madras BS in Data Science & Applications

Organization Background

Jai Maa Jhandewali Store

Family-Run Grocery Store (B2C Model)

Located in VP Block, Pitampura, North West Delhi, this family-run grocery store is owned by Mr. Satyam Prakash. Started with an initial investment of ₹7 Lakhs, the store achieved profitability after 1.5 years and serves the local community with dairy products, FMCG items, and groceries.

Product Portfolio

  • Dairy Products: Milk, Butter, and dairy essentials
  • FMCG Items: Chips, Biscuits, Soft Drinks, Toiletries
  • Groceries: Rice, Pulses, Spices, Wheat, Sugar
  • Daily Essentials: Bread, Salt, and household items

Store Details

₹7L
Initial Investment
1.5 Yrs
To Profitability
110034
PIN Code
B2C
Business Model

Store Information

VP Block, Pitampura, North West Delhi
Owner: Mr. Satyam Prakash
Family-run operation serving local community

Problem Statement & Background

Background

Family-run grocery stores face unique challenges in managing inventory efficiently while maintaining profitability. Jai Maa Jhandewali Store, with its limited resources and manual operations, experiences difficulties in inventory optimization, space utilization, and business growth. These challenges impact operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and the store's ability to compete with modern retail formats.

Problem Statement

1 Inventory Management Issues

Difficulty in maintaining optimal stock levels, leading to overstocking or stockouts, especially for perishable items, and lack of automated tracking systems for efficient inventory management.

2 Space Constraints and Organization

Limited physical storage space resulting in inefficient product organization, clutter, and suboptimal use of available retail space affecting customer experience and operations.

3 Limited Business Growth

Reliance on family-run operations with no automated systems for sales/inventory tracking and absence of home delivery service to compete with quick-commerce platforms.

Analytical Approach & Methodology

1
Data Collection & Overview

Data Collection

Primary data collected from handwritten sales records digitized into Excel format, covering 13 months of operational data from Jan 2024 to Jan 2025.

  • Data Type: Primary
  • Source: Handwritten sales records
  • Licensing: Academic use (Approved by Owner)

Dataset Summaries

Sales Records Dataset
Excel Data

8,563 bills aggregated into 398 rows × 14 columns covering Dairy, FMCG, and Groceries

Product Categories
3 Categories

Dairy (Milk, Butter), FMCG (Chips, Biscuits, Soft Drinks), Groceries (Rice, Pulses, Spices)

2
Data Cleaning & Feature Engineering

Data Processing

Comprehensive data processing from handwritten records to digital format, ensuring data quality and consistency for analysis.

  • • Digitization of handwritten sales records
  • • Data aggregation from 8,563 bills to 398 analytical rows
  • • Category standardization (Dairy, FMCG, Groceries)

Analysis Methods

Multiple analytical approaches including statistical analysis, trend analysis, ABC categorization, and machine learning forecasting.

  • • Descriptive statistics and trend analysis
  • • ABC analysis for inventory categorization
  • • Correlation analysis and ML forecasting

3
Analysis Methods & Key Findings

1. Trend Analysis

Identified sales patterns and seasonal behaviors over time to understand demand fluctuations and prepare inventory accordingly.

Key Findings:
  • • Dairy sales (especially Milk) peak during March, June, October, and December due to festivals and seasonal demand
  • • FMCG products like Bread show similar seasonal fluctuations to Milk
  • • Grocery sales remain steady throughout the year, with Pulse being the highest contributor
  • • October shows highest overall sales volume due to festive season (Navratri, Diwali)

Analysis: Temporal sales patterns and seasonal behavior analysis

Seasonal Sales Trends

Monthly sales trends showing seasonal patterns and festival peaks

2. Sales Prediction Using Machine Learning (ML)

Applied Linear Regression models to forecast future sales demand based on historical data patterns and seasonal trends.

Key Findings:
  • • Successfully predicted Milk sales using historical data with reasonable accuracy
  • • Model can be extended to other perishable categories like Dairy and FMCG
  • • Enables proactive inventory planning for high-demand periods
  • • Helps balance supply with expected demand to reduce wastage

Model: Linear Regression for demand forecasting

Sales Prediction Results

Linear Regression model predictions vs actual sales data for Milk

3. ABC Analysis

Categorized products based on their sales contribution to prioritize inventory management and space allocation.

Key Findings:
  • Category A (70.59% of sales): Milk, Bread, Chips, Biscuits, Toiletries, Soft Drinks
  • Category B (16.59% of sales): Pulse, Sugar, Butter, Wheat
  • Category C (3.75% of sales): Rice, Spices, Salt
  • • Milk leads with 25.85% of total sales, followed by Bread (16.77%)

Method: Pareto analysis for inventory prioritization

ABC Category Distribution

Pareto chart showing product categorization based on sales contribution

4. Correlation Analysis

Examined relationships between different SKUs to identify complementary products and cross-selling opportunities.

Key Findings:
  • Strong positive correlations: Pulse & Wheat (0.729), Pulse & Rice (0.691), Rice & Wheat (0.629)
  • Moderate correlations: Soft Drinks & Sugar (0.595), Milk & Butter (0.546), Bread & Sugar (0.550)
  • • Chips & Biscuits (0.499) indicate snack bundling potential
  • • Spices show negligible correlation with all other products (<0.2)

Analysis: Pearson correlation matrix for cross-selling opportunities

Product Correlation Matrix

Heatmap showing correlation coefficients between different product categories

Interpreting Results & Recommendations

Trend Analysis

Sales show clear seasonal patterns with predictable peaks during festivals and specific months. Dairy and FMCG categories exhibit highest fluctuations.

Key Recommendations:
  • • Increase stock of Milk and Bread during peak months (March, June, October, December)
  • • Plan inventory spikes for festive seasons like Diwali and Christmas
  • • Adjust staffing schedules to handle increased footfall during high-demand periods

Inventory Management

ABC analysis reveals 70.59% of sales come from just 6 products. Milk alone contributes 25.85% of total revenue while Category C items underperform.

Key Recommendations:
  • • Implement just-in-time inventory for Category A items (Milk, Bread, Chips)
  • • Reduce stocking space for Category C items (Rice, Spices, Salt)
  • • Create bundled offers for high-correlation products (Pulse-Wheat, Milk-Bread)
  • • Introduce discounts for near-expiry perishable items

Business Growth Constraints

Manual operations and space limitations restrict scalability. Owner's academic commitments create operational gaps during critical business periods.

Key Recommendations:
  • • Install POS system for automated sales and inventory tracking
  • • Hire temporary staff during peak months and exam periods
  • • Launch home delivery service via local WhatsApp orders
  • • Implement vertical storage solutions to maximize space utilization

Strategic Implementation Summary

Immediate Actions:
  • • Deploy ABC categorization for inventory prioritization
  • • Launch seasonal promotional campaigns for festive periods
  • • Implement basic sales forecasting for perishable items
Long-term Strategy:
  • • Develop comprehensive demand prediction using machine learning
  • • Establish automated inventory management system
  • • Create scalable delivery service model
  • • Implement performance monitoring dashboard

© 2025 Sumit Kumar · IITM BS Degree Program · For academic use only

License: MIT - see LICENSE in repository · Project Repository: BDM-Project